Download or read book Réorganisation neurocognitive et perception de la parole après implantation cochléaire chez l'adulte sourd post-lingual written by Diane Lazard and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By restoring oral communication, cochlear implant (CI), is one of the major medical developments of the XXth century. However, outcome varies with a least 10% of rehabilitation failure. Peripheral predictors have been largely studied but do not fully explain this variability. Cerebral functional exploration has enlarged the investigation field of the cognitive impact on performance, and had led to the notion of an “auditory brain”. The aim of this thesis was to further explore the influence of cognitive functions in CI outcome. We showed, using a functional MRI paradigm on postlingually deaf adults, candidates to CI, that cortical reorganization of auditory memory networks occurs during deafness. Phonological memory, necessary to speech perception and associated audio‐visual supplementation, progressively deteriorates with profound deafness duration, yielding maladaptive right posterior superior temporal cortex disinhibition. This process is driven by a prompt environmental sound memory decline. The use of the dorsal network, based on visual, articulatory and motor associations, frequently observed as dominant cognitive strategy, is a robust good predictor for CI performance. Conversely, ventral network neural activity enhancement, using global identification and confrontation with stored representations, is associated with poor CI performance. These findings suggest that specific cognitive rehabilitation preserving auditory memory and its networks should be proposed to CI candidates